Europe's security and defence are currently facing their greatest challenge since the Second World War. On the one hand, Russia has invaded Ukraine and is occupying a considerable part of its territory while continuing heavy fighting and carrying out continuous air strikes with drones and missiles. On the other hand, the United States is not only failing to prove itself a reliable ally, but is also seeking to annex Canada and even use military force to annex Greenland, causing instability and mistrust among NATO allies who had previously remained united and coordinated in their response to Russian expansionism.
The current crisis in NATO is fundamentally due to the lack of leadership from the United States. The arrogant and even humiliating treatment of alliance members, the demands for greater budgetary contributions, the intention to annex territories – even through the use of armed forces, ignoring the sovereignty of states and contrary to the principles of territorial integrity and self-determination of peoples – strong tariff pressures and talks between US authorities and their Russian counterparts to find a way out of the war in Ukraine behind the backs of European governments, show the extent to which the Atlantic alliance is in crisis and how necessary it is to think realistically about the defence of Europe without the United States or, at least, without intervention on a scale sufficient to help stop Russian expansion and liberate Ukraine.
In addition to the tense relationship with the United States, there are often disagreements in Europe's relationship with Turkey. Turkey's territorial conflict with Greece in the Aegean Sea, its ambivalent relationship with Russia, and its veto of Sweden and Finland's entry into NATO are examples that demonstrate Turkey's unreliability as an ally.
Regardless of what the United States' commitment to a conflict in Europe may be, Europe must be in a position to deal with threats as autonomously as possible and have the freedom of action to contribute to the maintenance of the international order based on law.
In a broad sense, the states that make up Europe are not only those located on the European continent, but also those that are linked to Europe by strong historical and cultural ties and share the same democratic values, such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand, whose head of state is the King of England and which took part in the First and Second World Wars.
The European Union, other European states that are not currently members, such as Ukraine, Moldova, the states of the former Yugoslavia, Iceland, Switzerland, Norway, and the United Kingdom, together with Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, collectively comprise a vast territory, a large population, and the necessary resources to form an alliance powerful enough to rebuild the rules-based international order that has been damaged by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Israel's genocide against the Palestinian people in Gaza, and the United States' attack and kidnapping of the Venezuelan president in Caracas. The list of acts that have violated international law in recent years could go on.
The threats to peace and stability are manifold and complex. Russia currently poses the greatest military challenge to Europe; Russian expansionism and its ambition to occupy the former Soviet space coincide with the withdrawal of the United States, which, in turn, with its territorial claims, is causing tensions that distract from efforts to counter Russian advances in Ukraine.
The scenario is undoubtedly a huge challenge for Europe, but it is also a great opportunity to become a stronger and more independent global player that contributes more actively to building a safer world.
An alliance made up of so many states without the leadership of a superpower to hold it together finds it difficult to make quick decisions and lacks unity of command. This is a significant disadvantage compared to a superpower such as Russia, which has unity of command and can make decisions quickly.
The European Union has a complex institutional framework and a slow consensus-based decision-making process. It was created to guarantee peace among its members and not as a defensive alliance. Strengthening European integration and establishing a new state is essential in order to face the challenges posed by the superpowers. The unification of Europe into a single state will make it possible to better counter external interference and prevent differences between member states from being exploited to weaken it.
Since the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty, Europe has entrusted the United States with the development and deployment of sufficient nuclear weapons to counter the former Soviet Union. Currently, the only European powers with nuclear weapons are the United Kingdom and France, but, at least in terms of quantity, the nuclear weapons of both powers are not comparable to those of the superpowers.
In order to avoid being pressured due to its dependence on the United States and to halt Russian expansion, Europe must have the capacity to respond to any attack. An effective nuclear deterrent will enable Europe to be a relevant player with strategic autonomy. If defence depends on another power, Europe may be forced to yield to demands that compromise its economy, industry and even its territory; and those demands become more apparent in the face of the possibility of an attack by Russia.
Control of the Danish island of Greenland and close cooperation with Canada are essential for an adequate missile defence and early warning system that guarantees the security of Europe, the Arctic and the world, without being subject to the unpredictable changes in US foreign and security policy.
The challenges facing Europe today can only be overcome through strong unity. It is essential that European states establish a sovereign European Union that allows for rapid decision-making, promotes the development of the defence industry by maximising resources, and has armed forces that can be deployed and intervene under the European Union flag.
European identities and languages must be protected because it is precisely in their diversity that Europe's cultural wealth lies, while at the same time adopting English as the common language of the entire population in order to unite peoples, facilitate communication and strengthen cooperation and coordination with allies.
Perhaps in the future, in a new referendum, the British people will express their desire to join the European Union, and perhaps Canada, Australia and New Zealand, which although not on the European continent, share history, culture and values, will be able to join. In any case, they will remain, as always, strong and reliable allies of a Europe that today needs to unite as a sovereign state in order to guarantee its freedom in an increasingly dangerous and complex world.
